Form: Cost-of-Breach DisclosureSource: IBM Cost of a Data BreachFiled: 28 Apr 2026
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Filing MA-20211015-umass-memorial-health-careHHS OCR Breach Register, Massachusetts

Breach filing

Archived

UMass Memorial Health Care, Inc.: 209,048 individuals, Oct 2021.

UMass Memorial Health Care, Inc. reported a breach of unsecured protected health information to the HHS Office for Civil Rights on 15 October 2021. The filing records the organisation as a business associate in Massachusetts and lists 209,048 individuals affected, which makes it the 11th largest of the 241 Massachusetts filings on the register and the 54th largest of the 715 filings submitted nationally in 2021. Among the 19 Massachusetts filings made in 2021 it ranks 2nd.

Individuals affected

209,048

As reported to HHS

Modelled cost (IBM 2025)

$33.4M

Upper bound, method shown

Rank in MA

11th

of 241 Massachusetts filings

Rank in 2021

54th

of 715 filings nationally

Section F.1 / The filing

As posted by HHS OCR

Every value below is the portal's own field for this filing, plus its rank within the register.

Covered entity type
Business Associate
Individuals affected
209,048
Breach submission date
15 October 2021
Submission year
2021
Type of breach
Hacking/IT Incident
Location of breached information
Email
Business associate present
Yes
Portal status
listed in the HHS OCR breach portal archive
Rank in Massachusetts by size
11th of 241
Rank in 2021 nationally
54th of 715
Massachusetts median filing
3,900 individuals
Register id (derived)
MA-20211015-umass-memorial-health-care

Section F.2 / In context

Where this filing sits in Massachusetts and in 2021

OCR classifies the incident as a hacking or IT incident, with the breached information held in email. Hacking/IT Incident is the type recorded on 151 of the 241 Massachusetts filings (63%) and on 76% of all filings submitted in 2021. Email appears on 20% of Massachusetts filings.

A business associate is recorded as present on the filing, as it is on 37% of Massachusetts filings. At 209,048 individuals the breach is 54 times the Massachusetts median filing of 3,900 and 52 times the national median of 4,000 across all 7,884 filings. It is one of 801 filings of 100,000 or more individuals.

As of 28 August 2026 the case is listed in the HHS OCR breach portal archive. OCR's closing summary of the case is reproduced in full below.

Massachusetts's breach notification statute (Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93H) requires notice to affected residents as soon as practicable and without unreasonable delay. Its attorney general threshold: all breaches (AG and Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation). The HIPAA Breach Notification Rule ran alongside it: notice to affected individuals and to HHS without unreasonable delay and no later than 60 days after discovery, which is the clock that put this filing on the portal.

Multiplying 209,048 individuals by IBM's $160 customer-PII cost per record (Cost of a Data Breach 2025, the figure the site's calculator uses) gives a modelled $33.4M; the 2026 edition's $192 gives $40.1M. Both are modelled estimates with the method shown, not costs disclosed by UMass Memorial Health Care, Inc.. Because the filing is above the roughly 100,000-record range in which the per-record figure is reliable, the result is an upper bound, not an estimate: fixed costs are spread across far more records at this scale.

Section F.3 / OCR closing summary

The portal's archived description, in full

Written by the Office for Civil Rights when the case was closed and reproduced verbatim from the HHS export.

UMass Memorial Health Care, the covered entity (CE), reported that an employee was the subject of an email phishing scheme that affected the protected health information (PHI) of 209,048 individuals. The PHI involved included names, dates of birth, and Social Security numbers. UMass notified HHS, affected individuals, the media, and posted substitute notice on its website. In its mitigation efforts, UMass implemented additional administrative, technical, and security safeguards. In addition, UMass retrained its workforce members on email security precautions.

Section F.5 / Modelled cost

209,048 individuals through IBM's per-record figures

Modelled cost / method shown, not a disclosed cost

Upper bound

IBM 2025 customer PII, $160 per record

$33.4M

209,048 x $160

IBM 2026 customer PII, $192 per record

$40.1M

209,048 x $192

Method: individuals affected, as reported by UMass Memorial Health Care, Inc. to HHS, multiplied by IBM's customer-PII cost per record (Cost of a Data Breach 2025 Figure 6 and the 2026 edition). No cost has been disclosed by the entity for this filing; the figure is a planning estimate, not a fact about the breach. IBM's per-record figures come from mid-volume breaches and IBM cautions against applying them to breaches involving millions of records; the site's per-record page explains where the multiplication holds and where it breaks down.

Context: IBM's average cost of a healthcare breach is $6.64M in the 2026 report ($7.42M in 2025); the global average across all sectors was $4.44M in 2025.

Cost per record: method and limits / Healthcare breach cost, IBM 2026

Section F.6 / Notification clock

Massachusetts statute and the HIPAA rule

State notification statute

Massachusetts: Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93H

paired with 201 CMR 17.00 data-security regulations

Notice to individuals
As soon as practicable and without unreasonable delay
Attorney general threshold
All breaches (AG and Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation) (As soon as practicable and without unreasonable delay)
Private right of action
Yes: Chapter 93A claims, subject to a 30-day pre-suit demand letter requirement
Penalty
Up to $5,000 per violation; treble damages for willful violations, plus attorney fees

The HIPAA Breach Notification Rule runs alongside the state statute: notice to affected individuals and to HHS without unreasonable delay and no later than 60 days after discovery.

Section F.7 / Peer filings

Massachusetts filings closest in size

Neighbours by size rank among Massachusetts filings in 2021, topped up from other years where 2021 has too few. Filings of 10,000 or more link to their own page.

Covered entityTypeIndividualsSubmitted
ReproSource Fertility Diagnostics, Inc.Healthcare Provider253,7748 Oct 2021
New England Dermatology and Laser Center, P.C.Healthcare Provider58,10611 May 2021
Sturdy Memorial HospitalHealthcare Provider57,37928 May 2021

Index / Companion schedules

Provenance

Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights, Breach Portal (breaches affecting 500 or more individuals), retrieved 2026-08-28. Public domain. Individuals affected and dates as reported by the covered entity.

Portal: ocrportal.hhs.gov breach report. Statutory basis: HITECH Act section 13402(e)(4): the Secretary must post a list of breaches of unsecured protected health information affecting 500 or more individuals. Breaches affecting fewer than 500 individuals are reported to OCR annually and are not posted, so they are not on this register. Status wording follows the portal's two tabs ("Cases Currently Under Investigation" and "Archive") as of 28 August 2026; a filing moves to the archive when OCR closes the case. Modelled costs on this site are a method applied to the reported count, using IBM Cost of a Data Breach per-record figures, and are never a cost disclosed by the entity. This row: hhs-breach-archive__2026-08-28.csv, export row 2896.

Corrections: if you represent a listed entity and the portal row has been amended, email [email protected] with the portal entry and we will re-pull the export.