Form: Cost-of-Breach DisclosureSource: IBM 2025Filed: 28 Apr 2026
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State File ND / Breach Notification StatuteN.D. Cent. Code Ch. 51-30

State notification register

North Dakota data breach notification law: in the most expedient time possible and without unreasonable delay.

North Dakota's breach-notification obligations are set by N.D. Cent. Code Ch. 51-30. This page summarises the deadline to notify affected residents, the attorney general notification threshold, whether a private right of action exists, and the penalties for late or missing notification. Every provision is cited to its source statute and was verified in June 2026.

Individual deadline

No fixed day

Without unreasonable delay

AG notification

250

250 or more North Dakota residents

Private action

No

Only the North Dakota Attorney General may enforce

Statute

ND

N.D. Cent. Code Ch. 51-30

Section ND.1

What the statute requires

Under N.D. Cent. Code Ch. 51-30, a business that owns or licenses computerized personal information of North Dakota residents must notify affected individuals in the most expedient time possible and without unreasonable delay.

Attorney general or state-agency notification is 250 or more north dakota residents. Where required, the timeline is: same timeline as individual notification.

Section ND.2

What triggers notification

Like most US state statutes, notification is triggered by the unauthorized acquisition of unencrypted, unredacted computerized personal information that compromises its security, confidentiality, or integrity. Two concepts recur across the states and apply here.

Encryption safe harbor

Personal information that was encrypted, and where the encryption key was not also acquired, generally does not trigger notification. A stolen device with full-disk encryption is typically a non-event; an unencrypted record, or an encrypted record where the key was exposed alongside it, is a reportable breach.

Who must be notified

  • [1] Affected North Dakota residents: without unreasonable delay
  • [2] Attorney general / state agency: 250 or more north dakota residents
  • [3] Consumer reporting agencies where the breach is large-scale

Section ND.3

Penalties and enforcement

Up to $5,000 per violation under the consumer fraud statute, plus fees and costs.

Private right of action: No. Only the North Dakota Attorney General may enforce.

Primary source:North Dakota statute N.D. Cent. Code Ch. 51-30; verified June 2026 against state statutory summaries and the underlying statute text.

Section ND.4

How this compares to the strictest states

The strictest US deadlines are 30 days (California, Florida, Washington, Colorado, Maine, New York, New Jersey). The majority of states use a qualitative "without unreasonable delay" standard with no fixed day cap. Here is where North Dakota sits.

North Dakota does not set a numeric deadline. It uses a "without unreasonable delay" standard, which regulators interpret as days to weeks, not months. Organizations operating across multiple states should default to the strictest applicable clock, which can be as short as 30 days in states such as California, Colorado, Florida.

Cross-references

Schedule F / Reference Q&A

Frequently Asked Questions

Primary source:North Dakota data breach notification statute (N.D. Cent. Code Ch. 51-30). Provisions verified June 2026 against state statutory summaries (Recording Law US data-privacy series, 2026 edition), the IAPP US State Data Breach Notification Chart, Foley & Lardner's chart, and the underlying statute text.