Form: Cost-of-Breach DisclosureSource: IBM Cost of a Data BreachFiled: 28 Apr 2026
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Filing CA-20180417-inogenHHS OCR Breach Register, California

Breach filing

Archived

Inogen, Inc.: 29,528 individuals, Apr 2018.

Inogen, Inc. reported a breach of unsecured protected health information to the HHS Office for Civil Rights on 17 April 2018. The filing records the organisation as a healthcare provider in California and lists 29,528 individuals affected, which makes it the 153rd largest of the 776 California filings on the register and the 55th largest of the 369 filings submitted nationally in 2018. Among the 38 California filings made in 2018 it ranks 5th.

Individuals affected

29,528

As reported to HHS

Modelled cost (IBM 2025)

$4.72M

Method shown, not disclosed

Rank in CA

153rd

of 776 California filings

Rank in 2018

55th

of 369 filings nationally

Section F.1 / The filing

As posted by HHS OCR

Every value below is the portal's own field for this filing, plus its rank within the register.

Covered entity type
Healthcare Provider
Individuals affected
29,528
Breach submission date
17 April 2018
Submission year
2018
Type of breach
Hacking/IT Incident
Location of breached information
Email
Business associate present
No
Portal status
listed in the HHS OCR breach portal archive
Rank in California by size
153rd of 776
Rank in 2018 nationally
55th of 369
California median filing
3,553 individuals
Register id (derived)
CA-20180417-inogen

Section F.2 / In context

Where this filing sits in California and in 2018

OCR classifies the incident as a hacking or IT incident, with the breached information held in email. Hacking/IT Incident is the type recorded on 398 of the 776 California filings (51%) and on 45% of all filings submitted in 2018. Email appears on 20% of California filings.

No business associate is recorded on the filing; 33% of California filings do involve one. At 29,528 individuals the breach is 8.3 times the California median filing of 3,553 and 7.4 times the national median of 4,000 across all 7,884 filings. It sits in the 10,000 to 99,999 band, which holds 1,938 filings.

As of 28 August 2026 the case is listed in the HHS OCR breach portal archive. OCR's closing summary of the case is reproduced in full below.

California's breach notification statute (Cal. Civ. Code 1798.82) requires notice to affected residents within 30 calendar days of discovery (effective 1 January 2026, SB 446). Its attorney general threshold: more than 500 California residents. The HIPAA Breach Notification Rule ran alongside it: notice to affected individuals and to HHS without unreasonable delay and no later than 60 days after discovery, which is the clock that put this filing on the portal.

Multiplying 29,528 individuals by IBM's $160 customer-PII cost per record (Cost of a Data Breach 2025, the figure the site's calculator uses) gives a modelled $4.72M; the 2026 edition's $192 gives $5.67M. Both are modelled estimates with the method shown, not costs disclosed by Inogen, Inc.. For scale, IBM's 2026 average cost of a healthcare breach is $6.64M, so this filing models at 0.9 times the sector average.

Section F.3 / OCR closing summary

The portal's archived description, in full

Written by the Office for Civil Rights when the case was closed and reproduced verbatim from the HHS export.

On April 17, 2018, Inogen, Inc., the covered entity (CE), reported that an unauthorized individual hacked data from its systems by gaining access to an email account belonging to an employee and setting up forwarding of email messages to an unknown, external email address from January 2, 2018 until March 14, 2018. The breach affected approximately 29,000 individuals and the types of protected health information (PHI) compromised included names, addresses, telephone numbers, dates of birth, dates of death, Medicare identification numbers, insurance policy information, and medical equipment provided. The CE provided breach notification to affected individuals, the media, and HHS. As a result of this incident, the CE strengthened its security controls, such as disabling the ability of email users to set forwarding rules, requiring all email users and administrators to change their passwords, and implementing dual-factor authentication for remote email access. OCR obtained assurances that the CE implemented the corrective action steps noted above.

Section F.5 / Modelled cost

29,528 individuals through IBM's per-record figures

Modelled cost / method shown, not a disclosed cost

Modelled

IBM 2025 customer PII, $160 per record

$4.72M

29,528 x $160

IBM 2026 customer PII, $192 per record

$5.67M

29,528 x $192

Method: individuals affected, as reported by Inogen, Inc. to HHS, multiplied by IBM's customer-PII cost per record (Cost of a Data Breach 2025 Figure 6 and the 2026 edition). No cost has been disclosed by the entity for this filing; the figure is a planning estimate, not a fact about the breach. IBM's per-record figures come from mid-volume breaches and IBM cautions against applying them to breaches involving millions of records; the site's per-record page explains where the multiplication holds and where it breaks down.

Context: IBM's average cost of a healthcare breach is $6.64M in the 2026 report ($7.42M in 2025); the global average across all sectors was $4.44M in 2025.

Cost per record: method and limits / Healthcare breach cost, IBM 2026

Section F.6 / Notification clock

California statute and the HIPAA rule

State notification statute

California: Cal. Civ. Code 1798.82

Notice to individuals
Within 30 calendar days of discovery (effective 1 January 2026, SB 446)
Attorney general threshold
More than 500 California residents (Within 15 calendar days after notifying affected consumers)
Private right of action
Yes: Under CCPA Civ. Code 1798.150 for breaches from failure to maintain reasonable security; $107-$799 per consumer per incident (CPI-adjusted from $100-$750, effective Jan 2025)
Penalty
CCPA civil penalties of $2,663 per violation, $7,988 per intentional violation (CPI-adjusted, effective Jan 2025); CCPA private right of action for security-failure breaches

The HIPAA Breach Notification Rule runs alongside the state statute: notice to affected individuals and to HHS without unreasonable delay and no later than 60 days after discovery.

Section F.7 / Peer filings

California filings closest in size

Neighbours by size rank among California filings in 2018, topped up from other years where 2018 has too few. Filings of 10,000 or more link to their own page.

Covered entityTypeIndividualsSubmitted
Dignity HealthHealthcare Provider55,94731 May 2018
Gold Coast Health PlanBusiness Associate37,0055 Oct 2018
The Podiatric Offices of Bobby YeeHealthcare Provider24,00020 Dec 2018
National Ambulatory Hernia InstituteHealthcare Provider15,9745 Oct 2018

Index / Companion schedules

Provenance

Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights, Breach Portal (breaches affecting 500 or more individuals), retrieved 2026-08-28. Public domain. Individuals affected and dates as reported by the covered entity.

Portal: ocrportal.hhs.gov breach report. Statutory basis: HITECH Act section 13402(e)(4): the Secretary must post a list of breaches of unsecured protected health information affecting 500 or more individuals. Breaches affecting fewer than 500 individuals are reported to OCR annually and are not posted, so they are not on this register. Status wording follows the portal's two tabs ("Cases Currently Under Investigation" and "Archive") as of 28 August 2026; a filing moves to the archive when OCR closes the case. Modelled costs on this site are a method applied to the reported count, using IBM Cost of a Data Breach per-record figures, and are never a cost disclosed by the entity. This row: hhs-breach-archive__2026-08-28.csv, export row 4894.

Corrections: if you represent a listed entity and the portal row has been amended, email [email protected] with the portal entry and we will re-pull the export.