Breach filing
Under investigationMedical Express Ambulance Inc. D/B/A Medex Ambulance: 121,190 individuals, May 2024.
Medical Express Ambulance Inc. D/B/A Medex Ambulance reported a breach of unsecured protected health information to the HHS Office for Civil Rights on 2 May 2024. The filing records the organisation as a healthcare provider in Illinois and lists 121,190 individuals affected, which makes it the 38th largest of the 358 Illinois filings on the register and the 113th largest of the 741 filings submitted nationally in 2024. Among the 44 Illinois filings made in 2024 it ranks 8th.
Individuals affected
121,190
As reported to HHS
Modelled cost (IBM 2025)
$19.4M
Upper bound, method shown
Rank in IL
38th
of 358 Illinois filings
Rank in 2024
113th
of 741 filings nationally
Section F.1 / The filing
As posted by HHS OCR
Every value below is the portal's own field for this filing, plus its rank within the register.
- Covered entity type
- Healthcare Provider
- Individuals affected
- 121,190
- Breach submission date
- 2 May 2024
- Submission year
- 2024
- Type of breach
- Hacking/IT Incident
- Location of breached information
- Network Server
- Business associate present
- No
- State
- Illinois (IL)
- Portal status
- listed by HHS OCR under Cases Currently Under Investigation
- Rank in Illinois by size
- 38th of 358
- Rank in 2024 nationally
- 113th of 741
- Illinois median filing
- 3,403 individuals
- Register id (derived)
- IL-20240502-medical-express-ambulance-d-b-a-medex-am
Section F.2 / In context
Where this filing sits in Illinois and in 2024
OCR classifies the incident as a hacking or IT incident, with the breached information held in a network server. Hacking/IT Incident is the type recorded on 201 of the 358 Illinois filings (56%) and on 83% of all filings submitted in 2024. Network Server appears on 43% of Illinois filings.
No business associate is recorded on the filing; 34% of Illinois filings do involve one. At 121,190 individuals the breach is 36 times the Illinois median filing of 3,403 and 30 times the national median of 4,000 across all 7,884 filings. It is one of 801 filings of 100,000 or more individuals.
As of 28 August 2026 the case is listed by HHS OCR under Cases Currently Under Investigation. OCR has not published a closing summary, so this page is limited to the fields on the filing itself; the archive entry that follows a closed investigation usually adds a short account of what was exposed and what the entity did afterwards.
Illinois's breach notification statute (815 ILCS 530) requires notice to affected residents in the most expedient time possible and without unreasonable delay. Its attorney general threshold: more than 500 Illinois residents (private collectors); 250 for state agencies. The HIPAA Breach Notification Rule ran alongside it: notice to affected individuals and to HHS without unreasonable delay and no later than 60 days after discovery, which is the clock that put this filing on the portal.
Multiplying 121,190 individuals by IBM's $160 customer-PII cost per record (Cost of a Data Breach 2025, the figure the site's calculator uses) gives a modelled $19.4M; the 2026 edition's $192 gives $23.3M. Both are modelled estimates with the method shown, not costs disclosed by Medical Express Ambulance Inc. D/B/A Medex Ambulance. Because the filing is above the roughly 100,000-record range in which the per-record figure is reliable, the result is an upper bound, not an estimate: fixed costs are spread across far more records at this scale.
Section F.5 / Modelled cost
121,190 individuals through IBM's per-record figures
Modelled cost / method shown, not a disclosed cost
Upper boundIBM 2025 customer PII, $160 per record
$19.4M
121,190 x $160
IBM 2026 customer PII, $192 per record
$23.3M
121,190 x $192
Method: individuals affected, as reported by Medical Express Ambulance Inc. D/B/A Medex Ambulance to HHS, multiplied by IBM's customer-PII cost per record (Cost of a Data Breach 2025 Figure 6 and the 2026 edition). No cost has been disclosed by the entity for this filing; the figure is a planning estimate, not a fact about the breach. IBM's per-record figures come from mid-volume breaches and IBM cautions against applying them to breaches involving millions of records; the site's per-record page explains where the multiplication holds and where it breaks down.
Context: IBM's average cost of a healthcare breach is $6.64M in the 2026 report ($7.42M in 2025); the global average across all sectors was $4.44M in 2025.
Cost per record: method and limits / Healthcare breach cost, IBM 2026
Section F.6 / Notification clock
Illinois statute and the HIPAA rule
State notification statute
Illinois: 815 ILCS 530
Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA)
- Notice to individuals
- In the most expedient time possible and without unreasonable delay
- Attorney general threshold
- More than 500 Illinois residents (private collectors); 250 for state agencies (Within 45 days of discovery or at the time of consumer notice, whichever is sooner)
- Private right of action
- No: No direct PROA under PIPA; claims may run through the Consumer Fraud Act, and BIPA covers biometric data separately
- Penalty
- Up to $50,000 per violation under the Consumer Fraud Act; restitution prioritized over penalties
The HIPAA Breach Notification Rule runs alongside the state statute: notice to affected individuals and to HHS without unreasonable delay and no later than 60 days after discovery.
Section F.7 / Peer filings
Illinois filings closest in size
Neighbours by size rank among Illinois filings in 2024, topped up from other years where 2024 has too few. Filings of 10,000 or more link to their own page.
| Covered entity | Type | Individuals | Submitted | Breach type | Location | BA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kerber, Eck & Braeckel LLP | Business Associate | 134,918 | 16 Aug 2024 | |||
| Egyptian Health Department | Healthcare Provider | 121,995 | 20 Feb 2024 | |||
| RRCA Accounts Management Inc.Open | Business Associate | 115,837 | 18 Oct 2024 | |||
| Trionfo Solutions, LLC | Business Associate | 81,588 | 22 May 2024 |
Index / Companion schedules
13 HHS breach register
→Hub: every filing, by state, year and entity.
04 Biggest breaches
→Mega-breaches with primary-source cost figures.
Industry / Healthcare
→IBM 2026: $6.64M average, 13 years at #1.
Regulation / HIPAA penalties
→OCR enforcement tiers and the 60-day rule.
11 50-state laws
→Deadline, AG threshold and penalties per state.
Cost / Per record
→Where the per-record model is reliable.
Provenance
Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights, Breach Portal (breaches affecting 500 or more individuals), retrieved 2026-08-28. Public domain. Individuals affected and dates as reported by the covered entity.
Portal: ocrportal.hhs.gov breach report. Statutory basis: HITECH Act section 13402(e)(4): the Secretary must post a list of breaches of unsecured protected health information affecting 500 or more individuals. Breaches affecting fewer than 500 individuals are reported to OCR annually and are not posted, so they are not on this register. Status wording follows the portal's two tabs ("Cases Currently Under Investigation" and "Archive") as of 28 August 2026; a filing moves to the archive when OCR closes the case. Modelled costs on this site are a method applied to the reported count, using IBM Cost of a Data Breach per-record figures, and are never a cost disclosed by the entity. This row: hhs-breach-under-investigation__2026-08-28.csv, export row 703.
Corrections: if you represent a listed entity and the portal row has been amended, email [email protected] with the portal entry and we will re-pull the export.